Lidocaine Pharmaceutical Grade Local Anesthetic Drugs For Conduction / Epidural Anesthesia

Lidocaine Pharmaceutical Grade Local Anesthetic Drugs For Conduction / Epidural Anesthesia

Basic Info.

Lidocaine
English Name: 2- (Diethylamino) -N- (2,6-dimethylphenyl) -acetamide; Lignocaine; 2-diethylaminoacet-2,6-xylidide; Xylocaine
CAS: 137-58-6
EINECS: 205-302-8
Assay: 99%
Molecular Formula: C14H23N2O
Molecular Weight: 235.3447
Appearance:White Crystalline Powder
Flash Point: 166 ° C
Vapor Pressure: 4.28E-05mmHg at 25 ° C
Trademark: Pharmlab
Origin: China

Descriptions

Lidocaine topical jelly or ointment is used on different parts of the body to cause numbness or loss of feeling for patients having certain medical procedures. It is also used to relieve pain and itching caused by conditions such as sunburn or other minor burns, insect bites or stings, poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, minor cuts, or scratches.

Lidocaine viscous topical solution is also used to treat sore mouth or throat and also reduce gagging during the taking of X-ray pictures and dental impressions.

Lidocaine skin patch is used to relieve pain caused by shingles (postherpetic neuralgia).

Lidocaine belongs to the family of medicines called local anesthetics. This medicine prevents pain by blocking the signals at the nerve endings in the skin. This medicine does not cause unconsciousness as general anesthetics do when used for surgery.

This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.

This product is available in the following dosage forms:

• Foam
• Dressing
• Cream
• Pad
• Patch, Extended Release
• Ointment
• Lotion
• Gel/Jelly
• Spray
• Solution
• Powder
• Aerosol Liquid

Functions & Traits

The efficacy profile of lidocaine as a local anesthetic is characterized by a rapid onset of action and intermediate duration of efficacy. Therefore, lidocaine is suitable for infiltration, block, and surface anesthesia. Longer-acting substances such as bupivacaine are sometimes given preference for subdural and epidural anesthesias; lidocaine, though, has the advantage of a rapid onset of action.

Epinephrine (adrenaline) vasoconstricts arteries, reducing bleeding and also delays the resorption of lidocaine, almost doubling the duration of anaesthesia. For surface anesthesia, several available formulations can be used e.g. for endoscopies, before intubations, etc. Buffering the pH of lidocaine makes local freezing less painful. Lidocaine drops can be used on the eyes for short ophthalmic procedures.

Relative insensitivity to lidocaine is genetic. In hypokalemic sensory overstimulation, relative insensitivity to lidocaine has been described in people who also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.In dental anesthesia, a relative insensitivity to lidocaine can occur for anatomical reasons due to unexpected positions of nerves. Some people with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are insensitive to lidocaine.

Lidocaine, along with ethanol, ammonia, and acetic acid, has also been proven to be effective in treating jellyfish stings, both numbing the affected area and preventing further nematocyst discharge.

Drug Class And Mechanism

Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic agent (affects heart rhythm) as well as a local anesthetic (amide type). It is similar to bupivacaine and procaine. Lidocaine, like other local anesthetics causes a loss of sensation by reducing the flow of sodium in and out nerves to decrease the initiation and transfer of nerve signals. Compared to procaine, lidocaine has a more rapid onset, longer duration of action, and more potent activity. Lidocaine works as an antiarrhythmic by also decreasing conduction of electrical signals in damaged (ischemic) heart tissue. Lidocaine was approved by the FDA in November 1948.

Lidocaine Medical uses

1. Local numbing agent

The efficacy profile of lidocaine as a local anesthetic is characterized by a rapid onset of action and intermediate duration of efficacy. Therefore, lidocaine is suitable for infiltration, block, and surface anesthesia. Longer-acting substances such as bupivacaine are sometimes given preference for subdural and epidural anesthesias; lidocaine, though, has the advantage of a rapid onset of action. Epinephrine (adrenaline) vasoconstricts arteries, reducing bleeding and also delays the resorption of lidocaine, almost doubling the duration of anaesthesia. For surface anesthesia, several formulations can be used for endoscopies, before intubations, etc. Buffering the pH of lidocaine makes local numbing less painful. Lidocaine drops can be used on the eyes for short ophthalmic procedures.

There is tentative evidence for topical lidocaine for neuropathic pain.

2. Heart arrhythmia

Lidocaine is also the most important class-1b antiarrhythmic drug; it is used intravenously for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (for acute myocardial infarction, digoxin poisoning, cardioversion, or cardiac catheterization) if amiodarone is not available or contraindicated. Lidocaine should be given for this indication after defibrillation, CPR, and vasopressors have been initiated. A routine preventative dose is no longer recommended after a myocardial infarction as the overall benefit is not convincing.

Dosage forms listed as Xylocaine (lidocaine) -MPF indicate single dose solutions that are Methyl Paraben Free (MPF).

Xylocaine (lidocaine) MPF is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution containing sodium chloride.

Xylocaine (lidocaine) in multiple dose vials: Each mL also contains 1 mg methylparaben as antiseptic preservative. The pH of these solutions is adjusted to approximately 6.5 (5.0-7.0) with sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid.

Xylocaine (lidocaine) MPF with Epinephrine is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution containing sodium chloride. Each mL contains lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine, with 0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant and 0.2 mg citric acid as a stabilizer. Xylocaine (lidocaine) with Epinephrine in multiple dose vials: Each mL also contains 1 mg methylparaben as antiseptic preservative. The pH of these solutions is adjusted to approximately 4.5 (3.3-5.5) with sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid. Filled under nitrogen.

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